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The European Parliament鈥檚 approval on 23 June of a draft law overhauling the bloc鈥檚 emissions trading system (EU ETS) has been met with widespread criticism from industry and environmental NGOs. The reform would phase out free CO2 permits for industries under the ETS by 2032 and replace them with a carbon levy on imported steel, cement and other products. It would also extend the ETS to include emissions released by the maritime sector, which until now has been excluded, and establishes a separate system for buildings and road transport, Euronews .

The ETS reform 鈥済oes in the right direction in parts, but not far enough to meet the Paris climate targets,鈥� the German Renewable Energy Federation (BEE) . While the expansion of CO2 trading to heat and transport is an important step, 鈥渢he price signal is still too weak鈥�, said BEE president Simone Peter. Also striking was Environmental NGO WWF Europe: "The agreed proposal is no more than old wine in new bottles as it fails to reintroduce the critical elements that had been lost in the first vote following intensive industry lobbying." The German Chemicals Industry Association (VCI) current plans could 鈥渉inder rather than encourage long-term planning for the mammoth task of transforming the industry鈥�, adding that CO鈧� certificate prices were rising "uncontrollably鈥�. The VCI鈥檚 J枚rg Rothermel warned: "If the prices for CO鈧� certificates continue to increase as they have in recent months, the whole system will blow up in our face. Then we no longer need to compete with other regions of the world.鈥� The German Association of Local Utilities (VKU) it still saw 鈥渁 need for improvement鈥�. VKU head Ingbert Liebing added that it was right to gradually extend the ETS to the building and transport sectors. 鈥淏ut the compromise gets tangled up in complexity. This needs to be improved.鈥� The Federation of German Industries (BDI) cautioned that the 鈥渘ew emissions trading system for road traffic and buildings must not become an empty shell -- for example through postponements, changes in the scope of application or price caps. Emissions trading for aviation should only apply to intra-EU flights.鈥�

The compromise was struck after lawmakers rejected the entire carbon market law in a divisive first vote this month, when lawmakers split over how quickly to end free permits against a backdrop of soaring energy costs and inflation,